解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The neurotrophic factor pleiotrophin (PTN) is upregulated in different brain areas after the administration of different drugs of abuse, including psychostimulants. PTN has been shown to prevent cocaine-induced cytotoxicity in NG108-15 and PC12 cells. We previously demonstrated that specific phosphoproteins related to...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00130
更新日期:2015-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Allyl alcohol (AA) is one of the environmental pollutants used as a herbicide and industrial chemical. AA undergoes enzymatic oxidation in vivo to form Acrolein (Acr), a highly reactive and ubiquitous environmental toxicant. The exposure to AA/Acr has detrimental effects on cells and is highly fatal. In corroboration ...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00071
更新日期:2015-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::There is strong epidemiologic evidence linking chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) to myriad adverse health effects, including cancer of the bladder. We set out to identify DNA methylation patterns associated with arsenic and its metabolites in exfoliated urothelial cells (EUCs) that originate primarily from t...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500393y
更新日期:2015-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfhydration by a hydrogen sulfide anion and electrophile thiolation by reactive sulfur species (RSS) such as persulfides/polysulfides (e.g., R-S-SH/R-S-Sn-H(R)) are unique reactions in electrophilic signaling. Using 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene-4-thioacetate (1,2-NQH2-SAc) as a precursor to 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene-4-th...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500416y
更新日期:2015-05-18 00:00:00
abstract::Cells respond to stress by controlling gene expression at several levels, with little known about the role of translation. Here, we demonstrate a coordinated translational stress response system involving stress-specific reprogramming of tRNA wobble modifications that leads to selective translation of codon-biased mRN...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00004
更新日期:2015-05-18 00:00:00
abstract::Smokeless tobacco products, such as moist snuff or chewing tobacco, contain many of the same carcinogens as tobacco smoke; however, the impact on children of indirect exposure to tobacco constituents via parental smokeless tobacco use is unknown. As part of the California Childhood Leukemia Study, dust samples were co...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00040
更新日期:2015-05-18 00:00:00
abstract::Double-strand breaks are widely accepted to be the most toxic form of DNA damage. Molecules that produce double-strand breaks via a single chemical event are typically very cytotoxic and far less common than those that form single-strand breaks. It was recently reported that a commonly formed C4'-radical produces doub...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00032
更新日期:2015-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (G(O), 8-hydroxyguanine) in DNA is one of the most important oxidatively damaged bases and causes G:C → T:A substitution mutations. The Werner syndrome protein (WRN) is a cancer-related RecQ DNA helicase and plays many roles in DNA replication and repair. To examine the relationships between G...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500418m
更新日期:2015-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) metabolize alkyl- and arylamines, generating several different products. For the primary and secondary amines, some of these reactions result in hydroxylated amines, which may be toxic. Thus, when designing new drugs containing amine groups, it is important to be able to predict if a giv...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500371a
更新日期:2015-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::Iron in iron overload disease is present as non-transferrin-bound iron, consisting of iron, citrate, and albumin. We investigated the redox properties of iron citrate by electrochemistry, by the kinetics of its reaction with ascorbate, by ESR, and by analyzing the products of reactions of ascorbate with iron citrate c...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500377b
更新日期:2015-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::The tremendous demand of the market for carbon nanotubes has led to their massive production that presents an increasing risk through occupational exposure. Lung deposition of carbon nanotubes is known to cause acute localized pulmonary adverse effects. However, systemic cardiovascular damages associated with acute pu...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx5004003
更新日期:2015-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are extensively used for the treatment of gastric acid-related disorders. PPIs appear to be well tolerated and almost have no short-term side effects. However, the clinical adverse reactions of long-term PPI usage are increasingly reported in recent years. So far, there is no study that e...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx5003782
更新日期:2015-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Nano-TiO2) are gradually being used extensively in clinical settings, industry, and daily life. Accumulation studies showed that Nano-TiO2 exposure is able to cause injuries in various animal organs, including the lung, liver, spleen, and kidney. However, it remains unclear whether expo...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500287f
更新日期:2015-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::All pesticides must go through a rigorous risk assessment process in order to show that they are safe for use.With respect to dermal risk assessment for re-entry workers, the absorption value applied to predict systemic dose from this external exposure is obtained by testing liquid forms of the pesticide in vivo and/o...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500509z
更新日期:2015-02-16 00:00:00
abstract::All living organisms are exposed to xenobiotics from the environment. The exposure can lead to the formation of covalent adducts of xenobiotics or their metabolites with nucleic acids (NAs).The knowledge of NA adduct structure provides valuable information n the mechanism of carcinogenesis on a molecular level. While ...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1021/tx5004535
更新日期:2015-02-16 00:00:00
abstract::Senescence, which is irreversible cell cycle arrest, is induced by various types of DNA damage, including genotoxic stress. Senescent cells show dysregulation of tumor suppressor genes and other regulators of cellular proliferation. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) plays a pleiotropic role in biological proces...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500341z
更新日期:2015-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Electrochemical oxidation of drug molecules is a useful tool to generate several different types of metabolites. In the present study we developed a model system involving electrochemical oxidation followed by characterization of the oxidation products and their propensity to modify peptides. The CB1 antagonist rimona...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500255r
更新日期:2014-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::The chemical reactivity of styrene-7,8-oxide (SO), an alkylating agent with high affinity for the guanine–N7 position and a probable carcinogen for humans, with 4-(p-nitrobenzyl)pyridine (NBP), a trap for alkylating agents with nucleophilic characteristics similar to those of DNA bases, was investigated kinetically in...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx5002892
更新日期:2014-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Methylmercury (MeHg) reacts readily with GSH, leading to the formation of a MeHg-SG adduct that is excreted into extracellular space through multidrug-resistance-associated protein (MRP), which is regulated by the transcription factor Nrf2. We previously reported that MeHg covalently modifies Keap1 and activates Nrf2 ...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx5002332
更新日期:2014-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Anxiolytic kava products have been associated with rare but severe hepatotoxicity in humans. This adverse potential has never been captured in animal models, and the responsible compound(s) remains to be determined. The lack of such knowledge greatly hinders the preparation of a safer kava product and limits its benef...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx5003194
更新日期:2014-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::This study addresses the detection and characterization of the modification of human serum albumin (HSA) by amoxicillin (AX) in ex vivo samples from healthy subjects under oral amoxicillin administration (acute intake of 1 g every 8 h for 48 h). To reach this goal, we used an analytical strategy based on targeted and ...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500210e
更新日期:2014-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::There are discrepancies about whether chlorpyrifos is able to induce neurodevelopmental toxicity or not. We previously reported alterations in the pattern of expression of biomarker genes of differentiation in D3 mouse embryonic stem cells caused by chlorpyrifos and its metabolites chlorpyrifos-oxon and 3,5,6-trichlor...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500051k
更新日期:2014-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Prodrugs of 1,2-bis(methylsulfonyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)hydrazine (90CE) are promising anticancer agents. The 90CE moiety is a readily latentiated, short-lived (t1/2 ∼ 30 s) chloroethylating agent that can generate high yields of oxophilic electrophiles responsible for the chloroethylation of the O-6 position of guanine ...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500197t
更新日期:2014-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::Xenobiotics may activate the estrogen receptor, resulting in alteration of normal endocrine functions in animals and humans. Consequently, this necessitates development of assay end points capable of identifying estrogenic xenobiotics. In the present study, we screened the potential estrogenicity of chemicals via thei...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx5002089
更新日期:2014-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::Organically modified rectorite (OREC) micro/nanoparticles can be synthesized by organic modification from calcium rectorite (Ca(2+)-REC or REC), a common form of rectorite in nature. Although REC and OREC have potential applications in food packing and drug delivery, their cytotoxicity is not clear. In the present stu...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500115p
更新日期:2014-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::The dopamine metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL) is detoxified mainly by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). We find that the fungicide benomyl potently and rapidly inhibits ALDH and builds up DOPAL in vivo in mouse striatum and in vitro in PC12 cells and human cultured fibroblasts and glial cells. The in vi...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx5002223
更新日期:2014-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::Drug-induced myocardial infarction (DIMI) is one of the most serious adverse drug effects that often lead to death. Therefore, the identification of DIMI at the early stages of drug development is essential. For this purpose, the in vitro testing and in silico prediction of interactions between drug-like substances an...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500147d
更新日期:2014-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::Chloroethylnitrosoureas (CENUs) are bifunctional alkylating agents widely used for the clinical treatment of cancer. They exert anticancer activity by inducing DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) within GC base pairs to form dG-dC cross-links. This lesion inhibits DNA double strand separation during replication and tra...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500143b
更新日期:2014-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::Methylglyoxal is a mutagenic bis-electrophile that is produced endogenously from carbohydrate precursors. Methylglyoxal has been reported to induce DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) in vitro and in cultured cells. Previous work suggests that these cross-links are formed between guanine and either lysine or cysteine side ...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500068v
更新日期:2014-06-16 00:00:00
abstract::Successful early attrition of potential problematic compounds is of great importance in the pharmaceutical industry. The lead compound in a recent project targeting neuropathic pain was susceptible to metabolic bioactivation, which produced reactive metabolites and showed covalent binding to protein. Therefore, as a p...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx5000409
更新日期:2014-06-16 00:00:00
abstract::Protein glutathionylation is an important protein post-translational modification associated with oxidative stress, in which the thiol groups of cysteine residues react with glutathione and form disulfide bonds. Glutathionylation has been shown to affect protein structure and modulate protein function, and is implicat...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx5000359
更新日期:2014-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::Cr(VI) genotoxicity is caused by products of its reductive metabolism inside the cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Cr(V,IV) intermediates are potential sources of oxidative damage by Cr(VI). Here, we investigated seven fluorescent probes for the detection of ROS and non-ROS oxidants in Cr(VI) reactions with its...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx500028x
更新日期:2014-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::p,p'-DDE, the main metabolite of DDT, is notorious for its persistent and bioaccumulation. It has detrimental effects on the nervous system, while the mechanism is unclear. We sought to investigate the mechanism of p,p'-DDE-induced neurocytic apoptosis in PC12 cells by cytoflow and screen the potential target gene by ...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx4003963
更新日期:2014-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::Trans-Resveratrol (tRes) has been shown to have powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antiaging properties; however, its use as a therapeutic agent is limited by its rapid metabolism into its conjugated forms by UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs). The aim of the current study was to test the ...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx400408x
更新日期:2014-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidation of the tris(p-carboxyltetrathiaaryl)methyl (TAM) EPR radical probe, TAMa(•), by rat liver microsomes (RLM) + NADPH, or horseradish peroxidase (HRP) + H2O2, or K2IrCl6, led to an intermediate cation, TAMa(+), which was treated with glutathione (GSH), with formation of an adduct, TAMa-SG(•), resulting from the...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx400467p
更新日期:2014-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are prone to dissolution, and uncertainty remains whether biological/cellular responses to ZnO NPs are solely due to the release of Zn(2+) or whether the NPs themselves have additional toxic effects. We address this by establishing ZnO NP solubility in dispersion media (Dulbecco's modified Eagl...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx4004243
更新日期:2014-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::High-throughput screening (HTPS) assays to detect inhibitors of thyroperoxidase (TPO), the enzymatic catalyst for thyroid hormone (TH) synthesis, are not currently available. Herein, we describe the development of a HTPS TPO inhibition assay. Rat thyroid microsomes and a fluorescent peroxidase substrate, Amplex UltraR...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx400310w
更新日期:2014-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::The group of perylene quinone-type Alternaria toxins contains several congeners with epoxide groups, for example, altertoxin II (ATX II) and stemphyltoxin III (STTX III). Recent studies in our laboratory have disclosed that the epoxide moieties of ATX II and STTX III are reduced to alcohols in human colon Caco-2 cells...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx400366w
更新日期:2014-02-17 00:00:00
abstract::Electrophilic DNA adducts produced following oxidative stress can form DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs), dramatically altering genomic maintenance pathways. Complete characterization of DPCs has been hindered, in part, because of a lack of comprehensive techniques for their analysis. We have, therefore, established a pr...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx400384e
更新日期:2014-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::Developmental and reproductive toxicity (DART) end points are important hazard end points that need to be addressed in the risk assessment of chemicals to determine whether or not they are the critical effects in the overall risk assessment. These hazard end points are difficult to predict using current in silico tool...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx400226u
更新日期:2013-12-16 00:00:00